Tips to understand and prevent acetaminophen overdose
Acetaminophen (popular brands include Tylenol®, Excedrin®, etc.) is often used as a pain reliever, but taking too much can be dangerous. Understanding how to use it safely can help prevent serious health risks. Here’s what you need to know about acetaminophen, the dangers of an acetaminophen overdose and how to stay safe.
What is acetaminophen?
Acetaminophen is an over-the-counter (OTC) medication used to relieve pain and reduce fever. It is found in many different medications, both prescription and OTC, and is commonly used to treat headaches, muscle aches, arthritis, fevers and colds.1,2
Common reasons to take acetaminophen
Many people take acetaminophen to ease minor aches and pains or reduce a fever. It’s often recommended for conditions such as:1
- Headaches
- Toothaches
- Muscle pain
- Arthritis
- Colds
- Menstrual periods
In what products is acetaminophen found?
Acetaminophen is in many medications. It is also found in prescription pain relievers and combination cold and flu medicines. Some medications that may contain acetaminophen include:3
- Over-the-counter pain relievers
- Cough and cold medications
- Prescription opioids, such as hydrocodone-acetaminophen
What is an acetaminophen overdose?
An acetaminophen overdose happens when someone takes more than the recommended dose, either accidentally or intentionally. Because acetaminophen is found in many medications, it’s easy to take too much without realizing it. An overdose can cause serious liver damage and, in severe cases, be life-threatening.4
Ways to avoid an acetaminophen overdose
Preventing an overdose starts with mindful use. Here are some important safety tips:
- Always read medication labels carefully
- Do not take more than the recommended dose
- Be aware of all medications you are taking to avoid taking more than one product that contains acetaminophen at a time
- Keep medications in their original packaging to avoid confusion
- Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you’re unsure about dosage
Effects of an acetaminophen overdose
An overdose can have serious health effects, especially on the liver. If you think someone has taken too much acetaminophen, get medical help right away — even if they feel fine after taking it. The sooner they get treatment, the better.4
Symptoms of acetaminophen overdose may include:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Stomach pain
- Sweating
- Loss of appetite
- Liver damage
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)1
When should I get medical attention?
If you suspect an acetaminophen overdose, seek medical help right away. There may not be symptoms or early symptoms may not seem severe, but liver damage can progress quickly.4
Treatment options for an acetaminophen overdose
Treatment for an overdose depends on how much acetaminophen was taken and how soon medical care is received. Possible treatments include:4
- Activated charcoal: If taken soon after an overdose, it may help absorb the medication before it enters the bloodstream
- N-acetylcysteine (NAC): This medication can help prevent liver damage if given within a few hours of the overdose
- Supportive care: In severe cases, hospitalization and intensive medical care may be needed
Questions to ask your provider for responsible use of acetaminophen
To make sure you’re using acetaminophen safely, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. Some important questions to ask include:4
- What is the correct dosage for my condition?
- Can I take acetaminophen with my other medications?
- Are there any risks based on my medical history?
- What are the signs of an overdose I should watch for?
Taking acetaminophen safely requires awareness and responsible use. Following these tips can help you use acetaminophen as recommended without putting your health at risk. If you ever have questions, don't be afraid to ask a doctor for help.
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